This article was updated March 7, 2023. It was originally published Dec. 9, 2004. Engineers have an impressive array of ways to join two pieces of metal including adhesives, nuts and bolts, and a long ...

Welding creates problems for fleet managers because construction equipment does not fall into a neat category. A welder cannot qualify a hard-facing procedure to a structural steel welding code, for ...

For years, robotic laser-arc hybrid welding in narrow gaps has been a bottleneck for high-efficiency fabrication, limited by the difficulty of maintaining stability in tight tolerances. However, ...